巴西专利BR112014012041B1 SYSTEM FOR STORAGE AND RECOVERY OF ITEMS

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专利摘要:
system and storage methods. a storage system includes a rack with a plurality of layers, each layer including a corridor (303) and a plurality of rows extending from the corridor (303) defining item storage locations (308). a conveyor used with the rack includes a first cart (102) movable along the aisle (303) and a second cart (104) configured to be carried by the first cart (102) and to be movable along a row. the second cart is configured to carry an item (308) between the first cart (102) and the storage location. a carrier is located on one of the first (102) and second (104) carts to move the item to or out of the first car (102). related methods of storing and / or retrieving items (308) from a rack are also described. a rack system is described and is readily assembled without welding, transferring the load so that the weight of the rack and any item stored on it is supported by the straight elements through the supports.
公开号:BR112014012041B1
申请号:R112014012041-2
申请日:2012-11-19
公开日:2020-12-15
发明作者:Rafael Salichs；Juan Carlos Tamayo
申请人:Spg Packaging Ireland Limited；
IPC主号:

专利说明:

TECHNICAL FIELD
[001] This description generally refers to the storage and retrieval of items in rack-based systems. FUNDAMENTALS
[002] Storage and distribution facilities have grown in importance in the supply chain recently. In such facilities, large warehouses are used to collect and store many types of goods in a central location for transportation by truck to one or more locations, typically retail locations. Goods can be stored in the warehouse by pallet load or individually, and goods can be transported by uniform pallets, mixed pallets, or otherwise. To maximize efficiency, goods are often stored in systems based on a vertical rack, multiplying the amount of goods that can be stored in a given amount of square footage.
[003] Some systems, sometimes known as high density or ultra high density rack systems store pallets of goods in a large multi-layer rack. Pallets are stored according to known identifiers such as SKU numbers or the like and tracked by a computer-based system. Since pallets of goods are stored in the system, the related identifiers are noted and stored in computer memory or the like so that when goods are desired, they can be retrieved.
[004] Automated systems of this type use carts that place the goods on the rack and retrieve the goods when desired. Such automated systems provide efficiency in terms of using floor space, in addition to the quick loading and retrieval of goods with little need for manual attention or monitoring. Several trolley-based rack systems have been proposed, with one or more trolleys running from a preparation area to a storage area for placing and retrieving goods. Systems based on existing trolleys and related rack structures provide acceptable storage capacities. However, as rack systems become larger, improvements in cart functionality and efficiency, in addition to rack design to handle larger systems, would be welcome. SUMMARY
[005] Aspects and advantages of the invention will be presented in part in the description below, or they may be apparent from the description, or they can be learned through the practice of the invention.
[006] According to certain aspects of the present description, a system for storing and retrieving items includes a rack with a plurality of layers, each layer including a corridor and a plurality of rows extending from the corridor. Items are stored in storage locations along the rows. Each aisle has a loading position at one end and transfer positions located along the adjacent ends of the row aisle. A carrier is located on each layer. At least one of the carriers is a double carrier including a first movable cart along the aisle between the loading position and the transfer position and a second cart configured to be transported by the first cart between the loading position and the transfer positions. The second cart is movable in any direction between a transfer position and a storage location along a row while transporting an item. A conveyor is located on the double conveyor operating when the first cart is in the loading position to move the item to or from the first cart. Several options and modifications are possible.
[007] These and other characteristics, aspects and advantages of the present invention will become better understood with reference to the following description and the attached claims. The attached drawings, which are incorporated into and constitute a part of that specification, illustrate the modalities of the invention and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[008] A complete description of the present invention is presented in the specification, which makes reference to the attached figures, in which:
[009] Figure 1 illustrates a perspective view of a rack system according to certain aspects of the description;
[010] Figure 2 shows a side view of the rack system of figure 1;
[011] Figure 3 illustrates an approximation of part of the rack system as in figure 2;
[012] Figure 4 shows an end view of the rack system of figure 1;
[013] Figure 5 illustrates an approximation of part of the rack system as in figure 4;
[014] Figure 6 shows a perspective view of a part of the rack system of Figure 1 illustrating a support part;
[015] Figure 7 illustrates an exploded perspective view of the elements in Figure 6;
[016] Figure 8 illustrates a perspective view of a double conveyor useful in the rack system of Figure 1;
[017] Figure 9 illustrates a perspective view of a first double carrier (aisle) cart with a second cart (row) removed;
[018] Figure 10 illustrates an approximation of the perspective view of a part of the aisle cart illustrating a chain conveyor;
[019] Figure 11 illustrates a perspective view of the aisle cart with the upper housing elements removed for the sake of clarity to illustrate the internal drive elements;
[020] Figure 12 illustrates a perspective view of a row cart according to certain aspects of the description;
[021] Figure 13 illustrates a perspective view of the row cart of figure 12 with its upper platform removed to show the internal elements;
[022] Figure 14 shows a top view of the row cart of figure 12 with the top removed;
[023] Figure 15 shows a top view as in figure 14 with lifting bars additionally removed;
[024] Figure 16 illustrates a diagrammatic side view of the row cart of Figure 12 illustrating the upper platform in an elevated orientation;
[025] Figure 17 illustrates a diagrammatic side view as in Figure 16, with the upper platform in a lowered orientation;
[026] Figures 18 to 22 illustrate schematic sequential views of a pallet loading function using a rack system as in figure 1 and a double conveyor as in figure 8;
[027] Figure 23 illustrates a perspective view of a part of a aisle cart illustrating electrical contacts for energizing the aisle cart;
[028] Figure 24 illustrates a perspective view of the part of the aisle cart of Figure 23 contacting an energized rail;
[029] Figure 25 illustrates a perspective view of a corridor cart illustrating the electrical contacts for energizing a row cart; and
[030] Figure 26 illustrates a perspective view of a bottom part of a row cart illustrating electrical contacts for receiving power from the electrical contacts in the aisle cart illustrated in figure 25. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[031] Reference will now be made in detail to the modalities of the invention, one or more examples of which are illustrated in the drawings. Each example is provided by way of explanation of the invention, not limitation of the invention. In fact, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention without departing from the scope or spirit of the invention. For example, features illustrated or described as part of one modality can be used with another modality to result in an additional modality. Thus, it is intended that the present invention covers such modifications and variations that are within the scope of the appended claims and their equivalences.
[032] Figures 1 to 7 illustrate an example of a rack 50 according to certain aspects of the description. It should be understood that the rack 50 as illustrated is just an example constructed using the present teachings. For example, rack 50 may be much larger than shown. In addition, multiple racks can be employed in a given location. Therefore, rack 50 can be a component of a larger combined automated storage system. For example, figures 18 to 22 discussed below with reference to the use of the described structures, illustrate two racks side by side 50 substantially larger than that illustrated in figure 1. Figures 20 and 21 also illustrate related equipment such as elevators and conveyors which will also be discussed below as part of a general automated system. Therefore, it should be understood that the full scope of the invention includes all said modifications, extensions and variations.
[033] As illustrated in figures 1 to 7, rack 50 includes a plurality of straight elements 52 arranged in an installation, a plurality of first horizontal elements 54 extending in a first direction to connect adjacent straight elements, and a plurality of second horizontal elements 56 extending in a second direction perpendicular to the first direction. Rack 50 includes a number of layers 58 formed by such horizontal intersecting elements 54 and 56. Stringers 60 can also be provided to reinforce the structure.
[034] The straight elements 52 and the horizontal elements 54 and 56 are connected by means of fasteners fixed at last to a plurality of supports 62. Each straight element 52 has a plurality of supports 62 mounted on it at different heights with each height corresponding to a layer 58. The supports 62 are fixed to the straight elements 52 by fasteners 64 without welding (see figure 7). In addition, matching tabs 66 and partitions 68 can be provided for additional alignment and support assistance during assembly and use.
[035] Each second horizontal element 56 forms a side of a part of a rail for a row 88 to be traversed by a row cart 104, as will be described later. Accordingly, opposing elements 56 mounted on adjacent supports 62 form such a row track (see figure 3). The second horizontal elements 56 are fixed to the supports 62 by means of fasteners 70 without welding (see figure 7). The supports 62 may have flanges 72, 74, 76 for purposes of rigidity and for aligning and securing the second horizontal elements 56, and the flange 77 for aligning and fixing to the straight elements 52.
[036] The first horizontal elements 54 provide spacing and support for the elements inside the rack 50 and can be fixed to the straight elements 52 with fasteners 78 and to the flange 79 of the supports 62 with additional fasteners 80. The end supports 82 at the ends of the rack 50 can be modified versions of supports 62, designed to accept only one rail element 56, if desired Again, no welding is required. When goods are stored in rack 50, goods are stored in discrete predetermined locations in rows 88 formed by the second horizontal elements 56.Due to the fixed structure of rack 50, the weight of the rack and stored items is transferred to and supported by the elements straight 52 substantially through the supports 62. Each of the above elements can be formed of a metal such as steel or aluminum, can be painted, powder coated, etc., as desired. Due to the wide variety of sizes and potential loading, those skilled in the art can readily select the dimensions and materials for the elements and fasteners to match a required specific application.
[037] Typically, items to be placed on rack 50 will be moved to and within the rack on a platform 84 such as a wooden, polymer or metal pallet, although other platforms can be used, and platforms can be avoided where items large or unified are being moved. Accordingly, the mention of moving loads, pallet loads, items or goods here must include the movement of items or goods on platforms or without platforms.
[038] Items are moved inside the rack 50 in each layer along a corridor 86 and then along one of the rows 88. Various transport devices can be used for such movement in and out of the rack according to certain aspects of the description (see aisle carts 102 and row carts 104 in figures 2 to 5, discussed in more detail below). Along the corridor 86, horizontal elements 54 can be replaced by or supplemented by rail elements 90 to transfer the transport device along the corridor. As discussed below, power can be supplied to transport carts 102 and 104 at various locations on the rack.
[039] Figure 8 illustrates an example of a double conveyor 100 useful in the present system and methods. As illustrated, the double carrier 100 includes a first cart (aisle) 102 (figures 8 to 11) and a second cart (row) 104 (figures 8 and 12 to 17) that can be transported or driven out of the cart. Hall. The rail parts 106 in the aisle cart 102 are dimensioned to complement the rail sections 56 of the rack 50 allowing the row cart 104 to move on or off the aisle cart.
[040] Aisle cart 102 includes two engines 108 and 110. Engine 108 drives aisle cart 102 up and down the rail elements 90 of the respective aisle 86 where the cart is located. Motor 110 drives a conveyor 112 on aisle cart 102 to load and unload items on the aisle cart. It should be understood that the conveyor 112 can also be located on the row cart, if desired. In addition, it should be understood that the carrier 112 can place items directly on the aisle cart 102, or it can place items on the row cart 104 nestled within the aisle cart, both modes being considered moving items on the corridor cart and / or moving items on the double conveyor. Accordingly, as discussed in greater detail below, various configurations and modes of operation are possible within the scope of the present invention.
[041] Both motors 108, 110 can be powered by an energy storage device such as a battery, capacitor, a combination of a battery and capacitor, or the like charged by the appropriate electrical connections (see figures 23 to 26) on rack 50. If desired, although an energy storage device that would send DC output current can be employed, motors 108, 110 can be AC motors used with an inverter. Using such AC motors with an inverter can provide a less expensive alternative than using a DC motor.
[042] In addition, as discussed below, aisle cart 102 can receive single-phase, three-wire or three-phase AC power directly from the rail elements 90 through an energized rail / cleaner system. The use of such direct energization allows the aisle cart 102 to be constantly and fully energized, without the need for charging. In addition, the weight and space used by energy storage devices, inverter, etc., can be eliminated from each aisle cart 102. Since aisle cart 102 crosses only a dedicated aisle 86, energize the aisles with a rail contact interface (see figures 23 to 26) and cleaner is an economical solution for energizing 102 aisle trolleys.
[043] Motor 108 is connected to a gearbox 114 with an output gear 116 which drives a chain 118 which drives an input gear 120 of an axle 122. Wheels 124 are mounted on shaft 122. Wheels 126 mounted on axis 128 they can be eccentric. By operating the motor 108 in one way or another, the wheels 124 are rotated clockwise or counterclockwise, thus moving the aisle cart 102 up and down a aisle on the rack. If desired, an encoder or similar can be attached to one of the wheels, axle, motor, gearbox, etc. to provide feedback and control of the location of the cart 102 along the corridor. Alternatively or in addition, external detection devices such as optical or laser detectors, RFID elements, etc. can be used for position perception and control. Cart 102 may include a wireless communication device (not shown) for communicating with a controller to the system to receive signals and provide feedback on desired tasks, locations, etc.
[044] Motor 110 is connected to a gearbox 129 having a drive gear 130 that drives a chain 132. An input gear 134 of shaft 136 is rotated by chain 132. Two output gears 138 on shaft 136 drive the chains 140 of the loading and unloading conveyor 112. Accordingly, driving the motor 110 in one way or another causes the chains 140 to move this way or that. Such movement of the chains 140 can be used to pull the items onto or push the items out of the aisle cart 102 when desired. As shown in Figure 8, when the row cart 104 is nestled within the aisle cart 102 with its upper surface 142 in a stowed (not raised) position, the chains 140 are higher than the upper surface. Therefore, the movement of the chains 140 of the loading conveyor 112 with the row trolley 104 in place allows a load, pallet, etc., to be moved on the aisle cart 102 without interference by the row trolley 104. However, the trolleys 102 and 104 can be configured or operated differently, so that the currents 140 move a load to the cart 104, initially or after the elevation of the upper surface 142 of the cart 104, as discussed below. Therefore, despite the description illustrated here, the pallets 84 being supported on the chains 140 located on the aisle carts 102, the pallets may at times be supported by row carts 104 when the row carts are on the aisle carts.
[045] An example of a row trolley 104 is illustrated in figures 12 to 17. The row trolley 104 includes a frame 144 and movable upper surface 142 forming a platform for receiving loads. Within frame 144 there are two motors. Motor 146 drives cart 104 along rows 88 and motor 148 moves the top surface 142 up and down. Motor 146 drives a gearbox 150, an output gear 152 and a chain 154. Chain 154 drives an input gear 156 of shaft 158 where driven wheels 160 are mounted. Output gears 162 drive chains 164 that drive input gears 166 of axles 168 to drive driven wheels 170. Accordingly, driving motor 146 in one direction or another turns wheels 160 and 170 clockwise or anti time, thus moving the row cart 104 along row 88 to or from aisle cart 102.
[046] Motor 148 lifts top surface 142 off cart 104 when desired to lift an item off loading conveyor 112 of cart 102 or a position within storage rack 50. Motor 148 drives a gear drop 172 and an output gear 174 to drive a chain 176. Chain 176 drives input gear 178 mounted on shaft 180, to which cam elements 182 are fixed for rotation with shaft 180 about a substantially horizontal geometric axis. Wheels 184 are eccentric which move independently of axis 180. Cam elements 182 include lifts 186 which may be in the form of a wheel or the like. Pins 188 and bars 190 connect the mating elements 182 with similar cam elements 192 at the other end of the structure 144. If desired, the rail element 194 (see figure 14 removed from figure 15 for clarity) may extend between the cam elements for attachment to or contact with surface 142 when elevators 186 are activated. The wheels 196 are eccentric and an encoder 198 can be fixed for rotation with one of the wheels 196 or in another location to track the position, as discussed above. The use of eight wheels on each row cart 104 assists in maintaining the stability of the cart. row when driving between row cart 102 and row 88.
[047] Figures 16 and 17 schematically illustrate the elevation of the upper surface 142 out of the structure 144 of the row trolley 104. As illustrated, the rotation of the motor 148 for a short distance causes the chain 176 to move the cam elements 182 and the cam elements 192 (through the bars 190). Accordingly, the wheels 186 are moved to raise or lower the upper surface 142 through the rail elements 194. Figure 17 illustrates the upper surface 142 below the elevated level 200, which is greater than the level 202 of the conveyors. loading 112 in aisle cart 102 when carts 102 and 104 are nested, and greater than the level of rail parts 56 where the loads are located.
[048] It must be understood that gears, chains, etc., used to drive the various components in the carts 102 and 104 can be modified in several ways. For example, multiple motors can be used instead of connecting multiple items driven by chains and gears. Therefore, the functions of driving and lifting the trolleys can be achieved in various ways within the scope of the invention.
[049] Cart 104 can be driven by an energy storage device 204 such as batteries, capacitors, combinations or batteries and capacitors, or the like. Motors 146, 148 can be DC motors or they can be AC motors if an inverter 206 and frequency converter 208 are used (all schematically illustrated in figure 14). For example, operating a 24 VDC battery through an inverter to create 230 VAC and a frequency converter to allow the use of common 400 VAC motors can provide cost savings and maintenance. Batteries rated in the 24 Amp-hour range provide adequate power to run along rows 88 with charges of the duration of charge provided by contact with aisle cart 102, as described below. If the energy storage device 204 includes a capacitor, it can be an ultracapacitor providing a substantially equivalent output. Capacitors provide the benefit of fast charging of row cart 104, as described below, and, accordingly, can provide alternative modes of operation.
[050] Power can be supplied to the double conveyor 100 in several ways. For example, an energized rail can be added along aisles 86 within the rack 50 to constantly energize the aisle cart 102 or to load the energy storage device from the aisle cart, if desired. Since there are far fewer aisles 86 than rows 88, adding power to the aisles can only be economical in some applications. Alternatively, loading can be provided at just one location or a few locations along the corridor. Such structures would require an energy storage device within the aisle cart 102.
[051] Similarly, the row trolley 104 can be loaded via an energized rail or by loading from a specific location. If desired, the aisle cart 102 and the die cart 104 can have electrical contacts so that the aisle cart can hold the load on the row cart. Since there may be more rows 88 than aisles 86, adding rail / cleaner energization to all rows while simplifying row carts 104 to eliminate the energy storage device and related electronic parts may not be as economical as the use of electrically more complicated row carts (with batteries or capacitors, for example), charged through aisle carts 102. However, if the capacitors are used in row carts 104, the placement of a single contact of Loading located at one end of a row adjacent to the aisle can be an appropriate way of loading row carts. Capacitor charging takes place in a matter of seconds, and every time a row cart 104 passes through the end of a row, it can pause long enough to charge before or after moving into or out of the aisle cart 102, or loading may occur while the row cart is inactive and the aisle cart is elsewhere. Alternatively, the capacitor charging contact in the row could be long enough to charge the row cart 104 while in motion (without pause) to make the system more efficient in terms of hourly charge movement. The electrical connection of trolleys 102 and 104 so that row trolleys 104 are loaded by aisle trolleys 102, and aisle trolleys are loaded via an energized rail, may be the most economical solution in some applications, particularly with trolleys. battery powered row. However, it should be understood that various methods and systems of electrical distribution and use are possible within the present invention.
[052] Figures 18 to 22 diagrammatically illustrate a large system, using two individual racks 300, much larger than rack 50, placed side by side with a number of pieces of auxiliary equipment. For the sake of clarity, certain structures in the previous figures have been removed from figures 18 to 22 in order to focus on a general presentation and function.
[053] As illustrated, racks 300 each include two elevators 302, one and each side of a 303 aisle. The use of two elevators 302 particularly in a large system optionally allows for greater efficiency. Each elevator 302 includes a platform lift 304 on which items 306 are placed, as illustrated goods / items 308 on pallets 310. Each lift platform 304 is moved up and down from rack 300 along a frame 312 between layers 314 (in this case six layers).
[054] A system 316 of feed and distribution conveyors can be provided adjacent to elevators 302 and racks 300. As illustrated, the first conveyors 318 adjacent to elevators 302 fed by second conveyors 320 can transfer items to and from the 304 lift platforms. A set of third conveyors 322 can be supplied together with a common conveyor 324. Third conveyors 322 can be used with individual vehicles, for example, for loading and unloading. Common carrier 324 may use a transfer cart 326 similar to aisle cart 102 to receive items from one of the third conveyors 322 and distribute to one of the second conveyors 322 (or vice versa). The various conveyors described can be driven or eccentric cylinders, belt conveyors, chain conveyors, etc., as desired, with suitable motor drivers, in various possible orientations and arrangements. The logic and decision making for storing and retrieving items on racks 300 can be controlled by various types of systems available from various sources, including ITW Warehouse Automation, using programmable logic controllers or the like. Accordingly, it must be understood that several different systems 316 for feeding and distributing items, in addition to logic and item management are all within the scope of the present invention.
[055] Preferably, lifting platforms 304 each include a motor-driven conveyor 328 with at least one chain or belt similar to conveyor 112 on transport carts 100. Elevating conveyors 328 can be used to move items to or out of lift platforms 304 when desired.If any spacing exists between elevations 302 and aisles 303, it can be occupied by a storage conveyor 330. Each storage conveyor 330 can also have one or more drive conveyors by motor 331 such as a chain, belt or the like, however, the storage conveyors may be eccentric between the driven lift platform conveyors 328 and the aisles where the conveyors 100 are located. If desired, all lifting platforms 304, storage conveyors 330 and conveyors 100 (aisle carts 102 and / or row carts 104) can include chain or belt conveyors driven on upper surfaces to selectively move items. Accordingly, an elevator 302 can place an item on a storage conveyor 330 in an upper layer when the aisle cart 102 is not in a loading position at the end of the aisle 303 near the storage conveyor, and then the elevator can return to the base layer to retrieve another item while the aisle cart returns to retrieve the placed item. Multiple items can be located on a given storage conveyor 330 while the dual 102/104 transport carts do their job placing other items, or while waiting for lift 302 to return to pick them up to distribute them off rack 300 If storage conveyor 330 is used and is also motorized, when aisle cart 102 returns to the loading position, storage conveyor 330 and aisle cart conveyor 112 can be activated simultaneously to pull the item into the runner cart. By loading the aisle cart 102 using an on-board conveyor 112, the row cart 104 does not need to be sent out and back on the aisle cart for loading, which saves time and energy within the batteries of the row cart. The use of and / or motorization of the storage conveyor 330 further assist in this efficiency, but it is not necessary in all applications.
[056] For example, in some conventional applications without a conveyor on board such as conveyor 112 where a row cart leaves a aisle cart in a loading position of a rail system adjacent to an elevator or the like, an amount of time in the range of about 22 to 25 seconds is required to move a load from the elevator to the aisle cart. At that time, the row cart must start moving out of the aisle cart, accelerate, travel, decelerate, stop movement in the elevator, collect a load, start movement out of the elevator, accelerate, travel, decelerate, stop the movement on the aisle cart, and then lower the load on the aisle cart. The time used for such an activity impacts the number of pallet movements per hour. In some large rack systems with 1000 to 1500 items stored in approximately 50 sets of rows along a corridor, the transport systems that load the aisle carts using row carts as above perform in the range of 20 to 25 pallet movements per hour. Such aisle cart loading activity also causes the row cart to be out of the aisle cart twice by moving the pallet (receiving the pallet and depositing the pallet), thus using more energy by moving the pallet, making that a bigger and heavier battery is needed, due to increased activity and less opportunity for loading by pallet movement.
[057] Using the transport described 100 with the loading / unloading conveyor 112 located on one of the carts 102, 104, the time required to load a pallet in a loading position adjacent to an elevator in a system of the size above is reduced for the range of less than about 15 seconds and can be in the range of about 5 to 7 seconds. Therefore, if 15 to 20 seconds are saved per pallet movement using the transport described 100 with the loading / unloading conveyor 112, several additional pallet movements per hour are possible making the whole system more efficient and / or allowing the size of the rack served by a conveyor is increased.
[058] Efficiency in terms of pallet movements per hour can also be achieved by the faster activation of the carts 102 and 104 than in conventional systems, obviously within the limits so as not to cause load handling problems. For example, driving row carts 104 at a speed in the range of 4.0 m / s X at a speed of 2.25 m / s as in certain available systems provides an improvement in pallet handling per hour. The acceleration and deceleration can also be increased to the range of 0.5 m / s2 from 0.17 m / s2 as in certain available systems.
[059] Accordingly, for a rack system sized as above (1000 to 1500 items per layer in 50 sets of rows along a corridor), pallet movements can be increased to a range of more than 30 pallet movements per hour, and additionally for a range of 40 to 46 or more pallet movements per hour, through the use of the onboard loading / unloading conveyor 112 and the faster activation of the row carts 104 and / or aisle carts 102. Therefore, pallet movements per hour for a given rack size can be more or less doubled using various teachings of the present description.
[060] Additionally, the simultaneous separate operation of row and aisle carts for at least part of the time may help to achieve some additional efficiency benefits. For example, if row carts 104 are not located on aisle carts 102 for loading while the aisle carts return from a row to the loading / unloading area with a load (or to obtain a load), the row carts they can be simultaneously activated in a row to obtain or return a load. The simultaneous separate operation of the row and aisle carts, therefore, can provide even greater efficiency benefits or as much as 60 pallet movements per hour or more, when used with the above improvements as well. Such simultaneous operation can be achieved by allowing the row carts 104 to be loaded a few times or always outside the aisle carts 102, for example, in rows. Alternatively, such simultaneous operation can take place on a more limited basis if even if loading is done only on aisle carts 102. It should be understood that not all aspects of the description need to be used as far as mentioned above in all applications within the scope of the invention. Additionally, improvements in function, stability, operation, etc. it does not require an improvement in pallet movements per hour in all aspects of the invention.
[061] Figures 18 to 21 illustrate the use of elevators 302 and storage conveyors 330 to obtain items on double conveyors 100 (including nested carts 102 and 104) in the loading position. Figure 22 illustrates that double conveyor 100 has descended down aisle 303 to a desired row 332. Row cart 104 raised its upper surface 142 to lift the item off conveyors 112 of aisle cart 102 and left the aisle cart to distribute the item to a desired location in row 332. Aisle cart 102 can wait for row cart 104 or return to the lift area for another load while the row cart operates. After reaching the desired location, the row cart 104 will lower its upper surface 142 to place the item. The row trolley 104 can then descend backwards into the row to nest within the aisle cart 102, if the aisle cart is waiting for the row cart, or to wait for the aisle cart to return. Aisle cart 102 will then descend down aisle 303 to a different row to retrieve an item from the store, sending row cart 104 out to do this, or return to the loading area at the end of the aisle to obtain an additional item. to place in the storage, or will allow row cart 104 to obtain a load for the current row or a different row if the aisle cart has gone out to pick up another load while the row cart is operating. These patterns are repeated in a controlled manner by the main controller of the automated storage system, as desired.
[062] The recovery of the items in the rack is essentially the same pattern in reverse. Row cart 104 obtains a load, transports it to aisle cart 102, and two carts return nested to the loading / unloading position at the end of the aisle. At that point, conveyor 112 triggers the discharge of conveyor 100.
[063] As mentioned, to achieve greater pallet movement efficiency per hour, carts 102 and 104 do not always need to be nested when the aisle cart 102 moves between the rows and the loading / unloading position at the end of the aisles. . Therefore, during a storage operation, as soon as the row cart 104 leaves the aisle cart 102 with a load, the aisle cart can return to the loading area to obtain another load. The aisle cart 102 can then return to retrieve the row cart 104, which will drive the aisle cart under the second load. If the second load is placed in the same row, the row cart 104 can place the load in the row, and the process can be repeated. A similar function may occur during recovery, as aisle cart 102 may be moving a recovered load down the aisle to the loading / unloading position while row cart 104 is moving along a row to obtain the next load , in the same row as the previous row or a different row (fallen from the aisle cart).
[064] However, operating the row cart and aisle carts separately in such a way reduces the time nested in the row cart in the aisle cart. If row cart 104 is energized and charged by contact only with aisle cart 102, only a limited and defined amount of usage time outside the aisle cart is advisable before the energy storage device on row cart 104 be drained. The general control system can optionally monitor and control such an operation if necessary to limit such operation in several ways, such as to allow only a certain number of row trolley trips per hour, to require a certain amount of time nested per hour, to allow only a specified number of successive row trips or row trips only for a specified distance from the loading area or from each other, etc. Such limitations may not be necessary if row trolleys 104 are loaded or energized by cleaning contact with row energized rails or another method in addition to nesting in aisle trolleys 102. Row trolleys 104 can operate more independently of the trolleys aisle 102 if they have a capacitor or ultracapacitor-based energy storage device, so they can be charged quickly by the charging parts in the rows, instead of or in addition to charging in the aisle carts.
[065] Figures 23 to 26 illustrate an example of electrical connections that can be used to power the aisle and row carts. As illustrated, the aisle cart 102 may include an electrical contact 400 in the form of a brush, cleaner, etc. to receive power from an energized rail 402 of the side elements 90 forming part of the aisle cart rail. As illustrated, brush 400 has four contacts 404, 406, 408 and 410, which can be used to contact individual elements 412, 414, 416, 418 on rails 402 for three-phase AC power supply plus ground. If desired, single-phase AC power can also be provided with positive and negative connections plus ground. Using a sliding connection in this way can be simpler than providing a cable connection for aisle cart 102 in some applications, although it can also be employed as an option.
[066] A contact 420 on top of the aisle cart 102 includes two spring loaded elements 422, 424 for contacting two plates 426, 428 in an electrical connector part 430 of the row cart 104. The storage element (battery and / or capacitor) in row cart 104 can be loaded whenever it is located in aisle cart 102 through contact between elements 422, 424 and plates 426, 428. The location of elements 422, 424 and plates 426, 428 can be reversed between carts. Alternatively, instead of placing elements 422, 424 (or 426, 428) on aisle cart 102, such elements can be placed on the rack, for example, in the center of the end of each row adjacent to the aisle. Such a location can be particularly useful if capacitors or ultracapacitors are employed as an energy storage device within trolleys 104. As an additional alternative, row trolleys 104 may employ a cleaner and rail system as described for aisle trolleys. 102 above for direct energizing or charging or an energy storage device. Various devices suitable for making the electrical connections between the aisle trolley rail 90 and the aisle trolley 102, and between the aisle trolley and the row trolley 104 or rack, are available from Vahle Electrification Systems.
[067] The use of such power distribution systems allowing row carts 104 to be loaded onto aisle carts 102 and / or inside the rack, while also driving row carts out of aisle carts to climb and going down the rows and not having to load or unload at the loading locations on the 304 lift platforms, provides several benefits. First, the system can move more loads per hour, since using the elevator conveyor 328 and optional storage conveyor chains 331 to move the loads between the elevators and the double conveyor is generally faster than driving the row cart 104 back and forth out of the aisle cart 102. In addition, keeping row 104 in the aisle cart 102 longer provides more time within a task cycle to load and / or allows the use of a smaller storage device in the row cart, thus potentially providing cost savings for the storage device and the motor used to drive it. However, certain aspects of the invention even if a row cart 104 is driven out of aisle cart 102 to load and unload items in a loading / unloading position at the end of the aisle, other structures described and methods above provide other benefits within the scope of the present invention.
[068] In view of the above, a rack, a double conveyor, a aisle cart, a row cart, and an automated storage system are described having several benefits. In addition, the methods of using such items are described. The systems can allow for faster storage and retrieval of items, can employ more or less efficient carts and can be easier to assemble and use. Numerous benefits are provided by the various materials described solving at least some of the disadvantages imposed by conventional systems.
[069] This written description uses examples to describe the invention, including the best way, and also to allow anyone skilled in the art to practice the invention, including creating and using any devices or systems and performing any built-in methods. The patentable scope of the invention is defined by the claims and may include other examples that occur to those skilled in the art. Such other examples should be within the scope of the claims if they include structural elements that do not differ from the literal language of the claims, or if they include equivalent structural elements with non-substantial differences from the literal languages of the claims.

权利要求:
Claims (15)
[0001]
1. A system for storing and retrieving items comprising: a rack (50, 300) including a plurality of layers, each layer including a corridor (86,303) and a plurality of rows (88) extending from the corridor (86,303) , the items being stored in storage locations along the rows (88), each aisle (86,303) having a loading position at one end and transfer positions located along the aisle (86,303) adjacent to the ends of the rows (88) ; a conveyor (100) in each layer, at least one of the conveyors (100) being a double conveyor including a first cart (102) movable along the aisle (86,303) between the loading position and the transfer positions, the double conveyor including a second cart (104) configured to be carried by the first cart (102) between the loading position and the transfer positions, the second cart (104) movable in any direction between a transfer position and a storage location along a row (88) while transporting an item; and a conveyor (112) located on the double conveyor operating when the first cart (102) is in the loading position to move the item into or out of the first cart (102), FEATURED by the fact that the second cart (104) it has a liftable upper platform (142), a first motor (146) to move the second cart (104) along the rows (88) and a second motor (148) to selectively raise the upper platform (142) to lift an item , and wherein the upper platform (142) is lifted by a cam device (182,186,192) that rotates about a horizontal axis.
[0002]
2.System, according to claim 1, CHARACTERIZED by the fact that the conveyor (112) is in the first cart (102).
[0003]
3. The system, according to any of the preceding claims, CHARACTERIZED by the fact that the second cart (104) is located on the first cart (102) when the conveyor (112) is operated.
[0004]
4.System, according to any of the previous claims, CHARACTERIZED by the fact that the carrier (112) moves the item directly to the first cart (102).
[0005]
5.System, according to any of the preceding claims, CHARACTERIZED by the fact that it includes an elevator (302) substantially adjacent to the rack (50, 300) for lifting items to the respective loading positions for the layers.
[0006]
6. System according to claim 5, CHARACTERIZED by the fact that the elevator includes a platform (304) having a conveyor (328) to move the items off the lifting platform (304) and in the direction of the loading positions respective layers.
[0007]
7. The system according to claim 6, CHARACTERIZED by the fact that each layer of the rack (50, 300) includes a conveyor (330, 331) adjacent to the loading position to transfer items from the lifting platform (304) to the loading position.
[0008]
8.System, according to any of the preceding claims, CHARACTERIZED by the fact that the first cart (102) has a first motor (108) to move the first cart (102) along the corridor (86, 303) and a second motor (110) to drive the conveyor (112).
[0009]
9. The system according to claim 8, CHARACTERIZED by the fact that the first and second motors (108, 110) of the first cart (102) are AC motors.
[0010]
10. The system according to any of the preceding claims, CHARACTERIZED by the fact that the upper platform (142) can be raised to remove an item from the first cart (102) when the first and second carts (102, 104) are located in a transfer position so that the second cart (104) can carry the item to a storage location in the respective row (88).
[0011]
11. The system according to any of the preceding claims, CHARACTERIZED by the fact that the upper platform (142) can be raised to retrieve an item from a storage location in a row (88) so that the second cart (104) can port the item to the first cart (102), the first cart (102) then porting the item to the loading position for transfer off the rack (50, 300).
[0012]
12. The system, according to any of the preceding claims, CHARACTERIZED by the fact that the first and second motors (146, 148) of the second cart (104) are AC motors.
[0013]
13. The system according to any of the preceding claims, CHARACTERIZED by the fact that the second cart (104) has an energy storage device (204) to store the energy used to power the second cart (104), preferably in that the energy storage device (204) in the second cart (104) is a device charged through the electrical contact between the second cart (104) and the first cart (102), preferably, in which the energy storage device ( 204) in the second cart (104) is charged through the electrical contact between the second cart (104) and the rack (50, 300), preferably, in which the energy storage device (204) is a battery or a capacitor.
[0014]
14. The system, according to any of the preceding claims, CHARACTERIZED by the fact that the double conveyor (100) is energized through the electrical contact between the double conveyor (100) and the rack (50, 300).
[0015]
15. The system according to any one of the preceding claims, CHARACTERIZED by the fact that the second cart (104) is energized in order to move along a row (88) while the first cart (102) moves along the corridor (86, 303).

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同族专利:

公开号 | 公开日

EP2780262B1|2016-02-24|

BR112014012041A2|2017-05-30|

WO2013075078A1|2013-05-23|

PT2780263T|2016-10-26|

ZA201404393B|2015-09-30|

US9850066B2|2017-12-26|

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CN104066661A|2014-09-24|

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CA2855439A1|2013-05-23|

MX345210B|2017-01-20|

BR112014012052B1|2020-12-15|

US20210198039A1|2021-07-01|

CA2855441A1|2013-05-23|

US20180170672A1|2018-06-21|

US20130129453A1|2013-05-23|

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BR112014012000B1|2020-11-03|

US10974898B2|2021-04-13|

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WO2013075075A1|2013-05-23|

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CN104039666B|2018-03-27|

ES2570861T3|2016-05-20|

US9643781B2|2017-05-09|

WO2013075077A1|2013-05-23|

EP2780261A1|2014-09-24|

CA2855421A1|2013-05-23|

ZA201404395B|2015-08-26|

CN104080717A|2014-10-01|

CN104066661B|2017-06-09|

EP2780262A1|2014-09-24|

CA2855441C|2016-09-13|

MX345209B|2017-01-20|

ES2599832T3|2017-02-03|

BR112014012024A2|2017-05-30|

CN104080717B|2017-07-28|

US20200148474A1|2020-05-14|

EP2780260B1|2016-02-24|

ES2570860T3|2016-05-20|

US20130129454A1|2013-05-23|

EP2780260A1|2014-09-24|

EP2780263A1|2014-09-24|

EP2780261B1|2016-03-23|

EP2780263B1|2016-08-03|

CN204250735U|2015-04-08|

BR112014012000A2|2017-05-30|

WO2013075076A1|2013-05-23|

BR112014012052A2|2017-05-30|

US20130129456A1|2013-05-23|

ES2575368T3|2016-06-28|

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法律状态:
2017-07-25| B25A| Requested transfer of rights approved|Owner name: ITW SPAIN HOLDINGS, S.L. (ES) |

2018-11-21| B25A| Requested transfer of rights approved|Owner name: SPG PACKAGING IRELAND LIMITED (IE) |

2018-12-04| B06F| Objections, documents and/or translations needed after an examination request according [chapter 6.6 patent gazette]|

2019-09-17| B06U| Preliminary requirement: requests with searches performed by other patent offices: procedure suspended [chapter 6.21 patent gazette]|

2020-06-16| B06A| Notification to applicant to reply to the report for non-patentability or inadequacy of the application [chapter 6.1 patent gazette]|

2020-10-13| B09A| Decision: intention to grant [chapter 9.1 patent gazette]|

2020-12-15| B16A| Patent or certificate of addition of invention granted|Free format text: PRAZO DE VALIDADE: 20 (VINTE) ANOS CONTADOS A PARTIR DE 19/11/2012, OBSERVADAS AS CONDICOES LEGAIS. |

优先权:

申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题

US201161561895P| true| 2011-11-20|2011-11-20|

US61/561,895|2011-11-20|

PCT/US2012/065772|WO2013075075A1|2011-11-20|2012-11-19|Storage system and methods|

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